Prognostic and predictive biomarkers in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

نویسنده

  • Andrew J Armstrong
چکیده

AJA Biomarkers are any manifestation of a biological process, particularly in patients, that can be measured quantitatively. They can reflect either normal (physiologic) or disease (pathophysiologic) processes. Biomarkers are used in various contexts in prostate cancer. Prognostic biomarkers are related to the natural history of a disease over time, whereas predictive biomarkers are linked to the benefit of specific therapies. Surrogate biomarkers are intermediate outcomes that are associated with gold standard outcomes, such as improved survival. Surrogate biomarkers can relay information on whether a treatment is benefitting a patient. Other biomarkers commonly applied in oncology are pharmacokinetic biomarkers, which measure the effect of the host (patient) on drug metabolism and disposition, and pharmacodynamic biomarkers, which measure the effect of a treatment on a tumor or patient. The biomarkers that are most relevant to this discussion are prognostic and predictive biomarkers because they help us identify patients in need of therapy, and they also help us select patients for the specific treatments that are most likely to be beneficial.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Clinical advances in hematology & oncology : H&O

دوره 15 3  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2017